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quoting paraphrasing master academic writing
Concise Guide to APA Style: 7th Edition (OFFICIAL)
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The Art of Quoting and Paraphrasing: A Detailed Analysis
Understanding the Nuances of Academic Writing
Academic writing demands precision and integrity.
Properly citing sources and distinguishing between direct quotes and paraphrased material are crucial.
The provided text offers valuable insights into these practices, emphasizing accuracy and ethical considerations.
Dealing with Quotations within Quotations
One common challenge arises when quoting material that already contains quotation marks.
The text highlights the importance of distinguishing these embedded quotes:
“When quoting material that already includes quotation marks for some other purpose (e.g., to enclose a phrase such as a coined expression or linguistic example; see Section 4.7), you may need to change double quotation marks to single or vice versa in your paper depending on the number of words you are quoting.”
This demonstrates the need for careful formatting to avoid confusion and maintain clarity.
Short Quotations: A Matter of Style
For shorter quotations, the guidelines suggest using single quotation marks within double quotation marks when the original source used double quotes:
“For quotations of fewer than 40 words, use single quotation marks within double quotation marks to set off material that was enclosed in double quotation marks in the original source.”
The text provides a clear example:
Correct: Bliese et al. (2017) noted that “mobile devices enabled employees in many jobs to work ‘anywhere, anytime’ and stay electronically tethered to work outside formal working hours” (p. 391).
Incorrect: Bliese et al. (2017) noted that “mobile devices enabled employees in many jobs to work “anywhere, anytime” and stay electronically tethered to work outside formal working hours” (p. 391).
This illustrates the subtle but important distinction in formatting.
Omitting Citations within Quotations: A Strategic Approach
Sometimes, a quoted passage may contain citations that are not relevant to your current argument.
The text offers guidance on how to handle such situations, as shown in Figure 8.7:
Consider this example:
Original Passage: Sport participation has the potential to promote positive experiences for young women through the satisfaction of psychological needs (e.g., competence, relatedness, and autonomy), promotion of positive physiological adaptations to the cardiovascular system and musculoskeletal health, as well as the development of interpersonal and leadership skills (e.g., Bruner et al., 2017; Crocker, 2016; Eime et al., 2013; Forcier et al., 2006; Gunnell et al., 2014).
And the subsequent quoted version:
“Sports can help young women have positive experiences ‘through the satisfaction of psychological needs (e.g., competence, relatedness, and autonomy), promotion of positive physiological adaptations to the cardiovascular system and musculoskeletal health, as well as the development of interpersonal and leadership skills’ (Killham et al., 2018, p. 297).”
The explanation clarifies:
“Note.
In the original passage, Killham et al. (2018) summarized the results of many studies and cited their sources at the end of the sentence.
To quote Killham et al.’s summary in your paper, cite Killham et al., and omit the citations at the end of the original sentence.
Interested readers can consult Killham et al. for further information.”
This allows you to focus on the core message of the quoted material without being bogged down by extraneous citations.
Conclusion: Mastering the Art of Attribution
The proper use of quotations and paraphrases is essential for academic integrity and effective communication.
By following the guidelines outlined in the text, writers can ensure that their work is both accurate and credible.
Understanding when and how to use quotations, how to handle quotations within quotations, and how to omit unnecessary citations are all key components of this skill.
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